pytest配置文件pytest.ini的详细使用

前言

pytest配置文件可以改变pytest的运行方式,它是一个固定的文件pytest.ini文件,读取配置信息,按指定的方式去运行

非test文件

pytest里面有些文件是非test文件

  • pytest.ini:pytest的主配置文件,可以改变pytest的默认行为
  • conftest.py:测试用例的一些fixture配置
  • _init_.py:识别该文件夹为python的package包

查看pytest.ini的配置选项

cmd执行

pytest --help

找到这部分内容

[pytest] ini-options in the first pytest.ini|tox.ini|setup.cfg file found:  markers (linelist):   markers for test functions  empty_parameter_set_mark (string):                        default marker for empty parametersets  norecursedirs (args): directory patterns to avoid for recursion  testpaths (args):     directories to search for tests when no files or directories are given in the command line.  usefixtures (args):   list of default fixtures to be used with this project  python_files (args):  glob-style file patterns for python test module discovery  python_classes (args):                        prefixes or glob names for python test class discovery  python_functions (args):                        prefixes or glob names for python test function and method discovery  disable_test_id_escaping_and_forfeit_all_rights_to_community_support (bool):                        disable string escape non-ascii characters, might cause unwanted side effects(use at your own                        risk)  console_output_style (string):                        console output: "classic", or with additional progress information ("progress" (percentage) |                        "count").  xfail_strict (bool):  default for the strict parameter of xfail markers when not given explicitly (default: False)  enable_assertion_pass_hook (bool):                        Enables the pytest_assertion_pass hook.Make sure to delete any previously generated pyc cache                        files.  junit_suite_name (string):                        Test suite name for JUnit report  junit_logging (string):                        Write captured log messages to JUnit report: one of no|log|system-out|system-err|out-err|all  junit_log_passing_tests (bool):                        Capture log information for passing tests to JUnit report:  junit_duration_report (string):                        Duration time to report: one of total|call  junit_family (string):                        Emit XML for schema: one of legacy|xunit1|xunit2  doctest_optionflags (args):                        option flags for doctests  doctest_encoding (string):                        encoding used for doctest files  cache_dir (string):   cache directory path.  filterwarnings (linelist):                        Each line specifies a pattern for warnings.filterwarnings. Processed after -W/--pythonwarnings.  log_print (bool):     default value for --no-print-logs  log_level (string):   default value for --log-level  log_format (string):  default value for --log-format  log_date_format (string):                        default value for --log-date-format  log_cli (bool):       enable log display during test run (also known as "live logging").  log_cli_level (string):                        default value for --log-cli-level  log_cli_format (string):                        default value for --log-cli-format  log_cli_date_format (string):                        default value for --log-cli-date-format  log_file (string):    default value for --log-file  log_file_level (string):                        default value for --log-file-level  log_file_format (string):                        default value for --log-file-format  log_file_date_format (string):                        default value for --log-file-date-format  log_auto_indent (string):                        default value for --log-auto-indent  faulthandler_timeout (string):                        Dump the traceback of all threads if a test takes more than TIMEOUT seconds to finish. Not                        available on Windows.  addopts (args):       extra command line options  minversion (string):  minimally required pytest version  rsyncdirs (pathlist): list of (relative) paths to be rsynced for remote distributed testing.  rsyncignore (pathlist):                        list of (relative) glob-style paths to be ignored for rsyncing.  looponfailroots (pathlist):                        directories to check for changes

pytest.ini应该放哪里?

就放在项目根目录下 ,不要乱放,不要乱起其他名字

接下来讲下常用的配置项

marks

作用:测试用例中添加了 @pytest.mark.webtest 装饰器,如果不添加marks选项的话,就会报warnings

格式:list列表类型

写法:

[pytest]markers =    weibo: this is weibo page    toutiao: toutiao    xinlang: xinlang

xfail_strict

作用:设置xfail_strict = True可以让那些标记为@pytest.mark.xfail但实际通过显示XPASS的测试用例被报告为失败

格式:True 、False(默认),1、0

写法:

[pytest]# mark标记说明markers =    weibo: this is weibo page    toutiao: toutiao    xinlang: xinlangxfail_strict = True

具体代码栗子

未设置 xfail_strict = True 时,测试结果显示XPASS

@pytest.mark.xfail()def test_case1():    a = "a"    b = "b"    assert a != b

collecting ... collected 1 item

02断言异常.py::test_case1 XPASS [100%]

============================= 1 xpassed in 0.02s ==============================

已设置 xfail_strict = True 时,测试结果显示failed

collecting ... collected 1 item02断言异常.py::test_case1 FAILED                                         [100%]02断言异常.py:54 (test_case1)[XPASS(strict)] ================================== FAILURES ===================================_________________________________ test_case1 __________________________________[XPASS(strict)] =========================== short test summary info ===========================FAILED 02断言异常.py::test_case1============================== 1 failed in 0.02s ==============================

addopts

作用:addopts参数可以更改默认命令行选项,这个当我们在cmd输入一堆指令去执行用例的时候,就可以用该参数代替了,省去重复性的敲命令工作

比如:想测试完生成报告,失败重跑两次,一共运行两次,通过分布式去测试,如果在cmd中写的话,命令会很长

pytest -v --rerun=2 --count=2 --html=report.html --self-contained-html -n=auto

每次都这样敲不太现实,addopts就可以完美解决这个问题

[pytest]# markmarkers =    weibo: this is weibo page    toutiao: toutiao    xinlang: xinlangxfail_strict = True# 命令行参数addopts = -v --reruns=1 --count=2 --html=reports.html --self-contained-html -n=auto

加了addopts之后,我们在cmd中只需要敲pytest就可以生效了!!

log_cli

作用:控制台实时输出日志

格式:log_cli=True 或False(默认),或者log_cli=1 或 0

log_cli=0的运行结果

log_cli=1的运行结果

结论

很明显,加了log_cli=1之后,可以清晰看到哪个package下的哪个module下的哪个测试用例是否passed还是failed;

所以平时测试代码是否有问题的情况下推荐加!!!但如果拿去批量跑测试用例的话不建议加,谁知道会不会影响运行性能呢?

norecursedirs

作用:pytest 收集测试用例时,会递归遍历所有子目录,包括某些你明知道没必要遍历的目录,遇到这种情况,可以使用 norecursedirs 参数简化 pytest 的搜索工作【还是挺有用的!!!】

默认设置: norecursedirs = .* build dist CVS _darcs {arch} *.egg

正确写法:多个路径用空格隔开

[pytest]norecursedirs = .* build dist CVS _darcs {arch} *.egg venv src resources log report util

更改测试用例收集规则

pytest默认的测试用例收集规则

  • 文件名以 test_*.py 文件和 *_test.py
  • 以  test_ 开头的函数
  • 以  Test 开头的类,不能包含 __init__ 方法
  • 以  test_ 开头的类里面的方法

我们是可以修改或者添加这个用例收集规则的;当然啦,是建议在原有的规则上添加的,如下配置

[pytest]python_files =     test_*  *_test  test*python_classes =   Test*   test*python_functions = test_*  test*

到此这篇关于pytest配置文件pytest.ini的详细使用的文章就介绍到这了,更多相关pytest.ini配置内容请搜索 以前的文章或继续浏览下面的相关文章希望大家以后多多支持 !

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